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NITE STATES ATENT OFFICE.

MAX CONRAD, or ASGHAFFENBURG, ASSIGNOR TO THE FARBWERKE, VORMALS MEISTER, LUoIUs & BRUNING, on HOOHST-ON-THE-MAIN,

GERMANY.

MORDANT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 328,464, dated October 20, 1885.

Application filed May 29, 1885. Serial No. 167,064. (No specimens.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAX CONRAD, a citizen of the Empire of Germany, residing at Aschaffenburg, in the Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the process of printing textile fibers by means of lzevulinic acid; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention is an improvement in compounds to be used in fixing coloring-mattersin or upon textile fibers, knit or woven.

It consists in combining with a suitable coloring-mattersay, for instance, blue (induline) lzevulinic acid, oil emulsion, thickening, (starch and acetic acid,) andasolution of tannic acid, (dry tannic acid and tragacanth-water.)

The mixtures used at present for fixing within or upon textile fibers, yarn, or cloth, whether knit or woven, such coloring-matters as have to be fixed in the form of their tannic compounds, contain, besides the coloringmatter, thickening, &c., tartaric acid or ethyl or methyl-tartrates.

I have discovered that the tartaric acid as well as the tartrates can to great advantage be replaced by the laevulinic acid. The lzevulinic acid is a cheapproduct. It does not at tack the fiber in steaming, and the coler develops much better than when tartaric acid or tartrates are used; also, the acetic acid can be replaced by the lzevulinic acid, and the leevulinic acid has the advantage over the acetic acid that it is not fugitive with steam, and in consequence does not become volatile when the fibers are being steamed.

Preparation of the printing colors: One hundred and eight-five pounds blue for printing, (induline;) twenty-five per cent. paste; five hundred pounds lzevulinic acid; forty pounds oil emulsion; six hundred and thirty pounds thickening, (starch in acetic acid;) one hundred pounds solution of tannic acid, (dry tannic acid dissolved in tragacanth-water.) The textile fiber is printed with this color and afterward submitted to the action of steam.

The term laevulinic acid is otherwise expressed as beta-acetyl-propionic acid (0 H O :OH OOOH,OH,GO,H,.) Itis a body quite different from thelzevo-tartaric acid (O,H O

The thickening referred to (starch and acetic acid) is prepared by boiling starch in water containing acetic acid.

The solution of tannic acid mentioned is prepared by dissolving tannic acid in awatery solution of gum-tragacanth.

I give above an example of the preparation of the printing-colors, but wish to have it understood that the proportions in which the various ingredients are to be mixed may be varied according to circumstances and the coloring-matter to be printed.

I claim The compound herein described, which consists of lzevulinic acid, oil emulsion, thickening-such as starch and acetic acid-and a solution of tannic acid, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MAX CONRAD.

\Vitnesses:

A. S. HOGUE, J. GRUND. 

